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Niblo's Garden was a New York theatre on Broadway, near Prince Street.〔The name Niblo's Garden was used for more than a decade at the turn of the 20th century in association with a Bronx entertainment hall at Third Avenue and 170th Street that was later called the Bronx Lyceum.〕 It was established in 1823 as "Columbia Garden"〔Arthur Hornblow, ''A History of the Theatre in America from its beginnings to the present time'' 1919:96.〕 which in 1828 gained the name of the ''Sans Souci'' and was later the property of the coffeehouse proprietor and caterer William Niblo. The large theatre that evolved in several stages, occupying more and more of the pleasure ground, was twice burned and rebuilt. On 12 September 1866 Niblo's saw the premiere of ''The Black Crook'', considered to be the first piece of musical theatre that conforms to the modern notion of a "book musical". ==Evolution of the building site== Niblo built Niblo's Theater in 1834〔Hornblow.〕 after having opened a "resort" which at first only served coffee, ice cream, lemonade and other refreshments. At the time New York was undergoing a construction boom that was extending clusters of buildings much past the locale of City Hall. The garden, surrounded by a plain board fence, covered the block bounded by Prince, Houston, Broadway and Crosby Streets; in the center was the open-air saloon, used also for musical entertainments. In the evenings, Niblo's Garden was illuminated with hundreds of colored-glass lanterns. A separate garden entrance was on Broadway. The refreshment hall was in a pair of rowhouses near the southeast corner of the gardens.〔Abram Child Dayton, ''Last Days of Knickerbocker Life in New York'', :303ff.〕 The site was once a part of the Bayard farm. It was sold in lots and purchased by Jeremiah Van Rensselaer. Prior to Niblo's acquisition of the land, a circus called the Stadium occupied the ground. There was a high fence around it. New Yorkers considered it a beautiful drive up to Niblo's through neighboring suburban market gardens. Niblo decided to supplement the refreshments with more extensive entertainment. He erected the Grand Saloon, a small theater or concert hall. The program consisted solely of musical selections until vaudeville was introduced some time later. The admission to the garden in August 1829 was fifty cents, sufficient to keep out the riff-raff. During the afternoon and evening stagecoaches ran there from the City Hotel, later the location of the Boreel Building at 115 Broadway. In 1835, Niblo's Garden hosted P. T. Barnum's first ever exhibition, marking his entry into show business.〔Goodman 120.〕 In 1845, the Hutchinson Family Singers included in their sold-out performance here their abolitionist song Get Off the Track.〔John Wallace Hutchinson, Story of the Hutchinsons (Tribe of Jesse), 2 vols. (Boston: Lee and Shepard, 1896), p. 138; Roberts, Brian, "'Slavery Would Have Died of That Music': The Hutchinson Family Singers and the Rise of Popular-Culture Abolitionism in Early Antebellum-Era America, 1842-1850." Proceedings of the American Antiquarian Society. 306-07(2006).〕 During the summer of 1837 a vaudeville company was formed at Niblo's by Joseph Judson and Joseph Sefton. Farces like ''Promotion of the General's Hat'' and ''Meg Young Wife and Old Umbrella'', played there. By the mid-19th century, the theatre was considered New York's most fashionable theatre. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Niblo's Garden」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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